Harnessing emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) and blockchain, to strengthen transparency and accountability can help Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) economies combat corruption and build public trust.
In a news alert, APEC Policy Support Unit (PSU) senior analyst Emmanuel San Andres and researcher Glacer Niño Vasquez said emerging technologies offer powerful tools to prevent, detect and deter corruption.
San Andres and Vasquez cited as an example AI/ML which enables real-time monitoring, risk scoring, pattern detection, and predictive analytics.
“These tools can support monitoring and investigation by automating document review and evidence gathering. AI/ML can also enhance institutional capacity through adaptive, personalized training systems,” they said.
San Andres and Vasquez said advanced data analytics can support the review of large volumes of data, revealing patterns of corrupt activity and informing decision-making.
“When data from different sources are connected, it becomes easier to understand corruption risks early and act with greater precision,” they added.
The authors said blockchain, the technology that enables cryptocurrencies, can be used to create immutable, transparent ledgers for government transactions, supply chain monitoring and secure identity management, making it harder to conceal corrupt activity.
“Remote sensing and facial recognition technologies also offer potential in compliance monitoring and anomaly detection,” they said.
However, San Andres and Vasquez underscored that implementing these emerging technologies presents challenges and risks.
“The effectiveness of AI/ML systems is only as good as the quality, integrity and objectivity of the data they are fed; biased inputs can produce biased outcomes,” they said. “Blockchain technology is very energy-intensive, which may hinder its scalability and availability. Facial recognition raises serious concerns over privacy and due process, enabling widespread surveillance without individual consent.”
San Andres and Vasquez said these trends mirror growing international momentum around the digitalization of integrity systems, while offering a timely opportunity for APEC economies to shape global standards while advancing domestic reform.
They also cited the importance of recognizing the central role of human and institutional elements in anti-corruption efforts.
“Emerging technologies are not a silver bullet; they will only be effective if they are well integrated into government processes and are aligned with the skills of the people who need to use them,” the authors said.
Further, San Andres and Vasquez said training and capacity building will be essential to bridge capability gaps, while a committed leadership will be needed to implement the legal reforms and oversight structures needed to ensure effective adoption.
They said buy-in from anti-corruption stakeholders across government, the private sector and civil society is also crucial to this pursuit.
“Technologies like AI/ML and advanced analytics require large volumes of reliable data, requiring cooperation and information sharing. Public understanding and trust, ethical use of data and equitable access to technology are all essential to ensuring long-term success,” they added.
